BOOKS: “Mother Tongue” by Bill Bryson

The Mother Tongue: English and How It Got That WayThe Mother Tongue: English and How It Got That Way by Bill Bryson
My rating: 5 of 5 stars

Publisher’s site

This is a humorous and readable overview of the English language. It examines the language’s history and evolution, as well as exploring some niche areas of interest such as swearing, wordplay, and naming conventions. Bryson takes on such questions as how a language that’s a train wreck of non-phonetic spelling and logical inconsistencies that made a career for comedian, Steven Wright (e.g. Why do we park in the driveway and drive on the parkway?) becomes the world’s most broadly spoken language. (At this time, it’s even the most spoken in absolute terms, but the book is fairly old now.)

Part of what one learns is that English isn’t so bad. Yes, our spelling is random and nonsensical (despite many failed attempts to improve it,) but in some ways English is grammatically simpler than many languages. English also has a history of embracing loan words and so there’s something familiar for all comers. Bryson does provide a number of fascinating points about other languages, largely by way of comparing and contrasting them with English.

Bryson was born in America, worked much of his life in Britain, and moved back to America. This bi-nationalism gives him unique insight into some of the book’s central questions — e.g. whether the language of these two hubs of English language will diverge or converge. There has been a concern that the English language would become so fractured that it would no longer be mutually intelligible to those on opposite sides of the Atlantic. However, increasingly, there is greater concern that people who watch both British and American versions of “The Office” may homogenize the language into one in which regional differences vanish.

I found this book to be both interesting and entertaining and would highly recommend it for anyone who wants more insight into the English language presented in an approachable manner.

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BOOKS: “Languages: A Very Short Introduction” by Stephen Anderson

Languages: A Very Short IntroductionLanguages: A Very Short Introduction by Stephen R. Anderson
My rating: 4 of 5 stars

Publisher’s Website

This is a quick guide to the (not so briefly answered) question of how many human languages there are. SPOILER ALERT: There is either one or some number of thousands, depending upon one’s philosophical leanings and a range of factors touched upon by this book. Given that there is clearly not a consensus answer, much of the book deals with what obstructions hinder a clear count, as well as some related questions that influence the number of languages over time.

With respect to the trouble spots of counting languages, the core question is what exactly is a language? Can two people who can understand each other (e.g. as I’ve been told Russians and Ukrainians can) be said to be speaking two different languages? If yes, the number of languages will be higher than if not. But then, how well do you have to understand each other? There are short and simple sentences in German that I understand, but that doesn’t mean I could understand a German, or a German would understand me (well, they probably would because most speak English as an Other Language.)

The related questions dealt with in the book include: why is number of languages shrinking, and is it inevitable? Can a globalized world be consistent with thousands of tribal-scale languages, and — if so — how?

The book also discusses the diversity of sign languages, and how signed languages differ from (and are similar to) spoken languages. The final chapter considers a number of questions, including how language separates humanity from wildlife, or — alternatively stated — what is it that makes human language different from the communication systems of other species of which we’re aware.

This is a readable book that deals in some interesting questions.

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